فوائد المضاربة و مضارّ الربا " نظره تحلیلیة"

Abstract

This research examines the most prominent advantages of speculation and the harmful effects of usury in Islamic law. Among the benefits of speculation is the equitable distribution of profit and loss, as both parties share capital and effort, with profits shared based on a pre-agreed ratio. Speculation also contributes to encouraging investment by relying on the principle of participation and risk-sharing, which enhances trust and stimulates economic interaction. Furthermore, speculation creates job opportunities, enabling investors and companies to expand their activities. In addition to its compliance with Islamic law, it is a type of legitimate commercial partnership that encourages cooperation and combats monopoly. The harmful effects of usury include causing poverty and spreading injustice, as the rich exploit the poor and deepen economic gaps. Speculation also hinders economic development by reducing production and encouraging unproductive activities. It also creates economic dependency and exacerbates inflation due to increased debt and interest rates, as well as deepening economic disparities. Usury is also considered a clear violation of Islamic law, as it involves prohibited funds, which in turn leads to social and moral crises. Based on this information, the researcher was able to draw a set of conclusions and recommendations, most notably that speculation contributes to reducing risks for both the investor and the worker, given its reliance on profit and loss sharing. Conversely, dealing with usury leads to the exploitation of the poor and widens social disparities, as it relies solely on earnings without actual work or production.