تدمير وحرق المدن في بلاد الرافدين (2800 – 539ق.م)

Abstract

          Many civilizations arose in Mesopotamia, including the Sumerian civilization, the Akkadian civilization, the Babylonian civilization, the Assyrian civilization, and other civilizations. One of the most important features of these civilizations was creativity and excellence in the field of construction and urbanization in various fields.  Its forms and types, such as building palaces, temples, storehouses, walls, and fortresses, until the situation reached the point of building entire cities that provided all the requirements for administration, housing, worship, and celebrations. Among the most famous cities built and built by the people of Mesopotamia are the cities of “ Uruk,” “Ur,” "Lagash" "Nefer." "Kish" "Babylon" "Assyria" "Nineveh" and "Kalah" many other cities scattered along the map of Mesopotamia. But those cities were exposed from the moment they were established and built to destruction, devastation and burning due to the conflict over interests and desire.  Some of the kings of ancient Iraq were unruly in controlling and extending their influence at the expense of neighboring cities and regions inside or outside Mesopotamia.  Therefore, the cities of Mesopotamia suffered from a state of continuous destruction, devastation, and burning throughout their history. But their residents were cooperating and working to rebuild them again. This research included six axes that dealt with the study of the destruction and burning of cities in Mesopotamia since the era of the Sumerian city-states (2800-  2370 BC) until the end of the New Babylonian Empire (612-539 BC)