تجليات الفقر في روايتي الفقراء لدوستويفسكي والنخلة والجيران لغائب طعمة فرمان دراسة مقارنة

Abstract

This study presents a comparative analysis of the depictions of poverty in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s *The Poor Folk* and Ghāʾib Ṭuʿma Farmān’s *The Palm Tree and the Neighbors* as a social and human phenomenon. In both novels, material misery reflects an existential crisis and the struggle to preserve human dignity within Russian and Iraqi societies at the end of World War II.

Both writers portray poverty as a profound human condition that exposes the fragility of man and the falsity of social values in confronting it. The deprivation of the individual becomes a mirror that reflects his inner collapse in the face of this affliction. Dostoevsky presents poverty as an existential experience that shakes a person’s being and tests his resistance to oppressive social conditions; whereas Ghāʾib Ṭuʿma Farmān focuses on its impact on the daily lives of ordinary people and on the disintegration of moral values under the pressure of need and deprivation.

Both authors share a vision of poverty as a means of revealing the existential essence of man in the face of this phenomenon, exposing the contradictions within the individual—compassion and mercy on one hand, and cruelty and selfishness on the other.