أثر العوامل الجغرافية على تباين مستويات الملوثات النفطية في مياه الجزء الجنوبي من مجرى شط العرب وأثارها الصحية

Abstract

Geographical factors played a role in the local and seasonal variation of oil concentrations in the waters of the Shatt al-Arab in the longitudinal section studied from the Al-Khora Canal to the general estuary, where oil concentrations increased in the first and fifth stations for human reasons due to household waste and residential and industrial waste, as well as the contribution of fishing boats, ships and boats. Concentrations were also re

corded. High in the first station due to its proximity to the Al-Khora irrigation canal, and the second station due to its proximity to the Karun River and the oil pollutants it discharges due to household waste and fuel filling stations for boats. Concentrations were also recorded in the fifth station, and natural factors such as tides, drainage, fast currents, rain, and high temperatures played a role in the low levels of oil concentrations for the winter compared to the summer. The reason is that bacteria break down petroleum hydrocarbons in a temperature range of (30-40) degrees Celsius. High temperature increases the activity of organisms that decompose petroleum substances, and light petroleum substances are also volatilized. The time limits of the study were from the beginning of the winter semester (January) in 2023 and the summer semester (July) in 2023.